
The Latest: June - 2025
Milk Flows Again as Herds Grow
The heifer shortage and avian influenza reined in U.S. milk output in 2024, fostering lofty milk and dairy product prices in the second half of last year. But after nearly two years of low cull rates and sheer grit, the parlors are full, and so are the milk tanks. In the first 24 weeks of 2025, dairy cow slaughter was 7.7% behind the 2024 pace and 15.6% slower than historic average cull rates. Dairy producers added 122,000 cows over the past 11 months. From coast to coast, but especially in the center of the country, producers are looking to expand their facilities and add significantly more cows over the next 18 months.
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The official start of spring is right around the corner and milk volumes are responding accordingly. Output is steady to higher in most parts of the country as the spring flush rolls in.
View reportRapid expansion, slower pull from bottlers ahead of spring break, and unplanned plant shutdowns have all contributed to the excess in the Central region. Some plants are not running as hard as they might have in the past. But the less aggressive increase does have one upside; according to USDA, “cheese stores are not getting ahead of processors.”
View reportCull rates are high, and there is a long list of dairies for sale at the major auction houses. But it will take some time – perhaps six months or more – before this pain on the farm translates to less milk. For now, there is milk aplenty.
View reportRested up after a long weekend, the cheese markets came charging out of the gates but they gave it all back later in the week. Milk remains cheap in the cheese states which should result in higher cheese production. Weather issues, labor shortages, and mechanical problems have slowed cheese production all year, creating a chicken-and-egg conundrum.
View reportActivity at the spot market in Chicago was mixed this week as prices moved modestly up and down, testing new boundaries. Milk remains plentiful in most parts of the country, especially the Midwest, but lower commodity prices appear to be doing the legwork of generating additional customer interest.
View reportTypically, a fumble in the spot market and signs of surplus would weigh heavily on cheese and Class III futures. But the bulls reclaimed possession and shrugged off one tackle after another. Dairy – and especially cheese – will feature heavily in football-themed feasts this Sunday. But after the final field goal, there will be a seasonal lull until Easter.
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